Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Duwet (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti

Ismia Agustini, Yuni Setyaningsih, Erna Harfiani

Abstract


Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease in Indonesia with high mortality rates. Controlling the vector of DHF disease using Larvicide is one of the efforts that can be done in eleminating DHF disease. The harm that is caused by chemical larvicides leads to the need for natural larvicides as an alternative. Duwet’s Leaf (Syzygium cumini (L.) skeel) becomes a potential natural larvicide because it contains active compounds in the form of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins that can lead to the death of Aedes aegypti’s larvae. This research used experimental design. The research samples used are larvae of A. aegypti stage III and IV which is given treatment using Duwet’s leaf extract concentrations of 1.5%, 3%, 5%, and 7.5% with positive (abate) and negative control (aquades). Twenty five larvae were put into the glass and incubated for 24 hours, and the numbers of dead larvae were counted afterward. ANOVA's one-way test result (P = 0.000) indicates that there was a significant difference between a group of Duwet’s leaf extracts to the mortality of A. aegypti larvae. Post Hoc (Bonferroni) test results show that there was a difference in effectiveness at each compared concentration. Based on the results of this study, the Duwet’s leaf extract has the effectiveness of larvicides on A. egypti’s larvae.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Mutiarasari D, Kala’Tiku LLBT. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pandan ( Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb .) Sebagai Larvasida Alami Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti. Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako. 2017;3(2):31–9.

Primantari NLAR, Suyasa ING. Tinjauan Kegiatan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) Dan Indeks Aedes aegypti Investation Level Di Kelurahan Padang Sambian Kaja Kecamatan Denpasar Barat Tahun 2017. Jurnal Kesehatatan Lingkungan. 2018;8(1):1–8.

KesehatanRI K. Data Dan Informasi : Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. 2018; Available from: http://www.pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/profil-%09kesehatan-indonesia/Data-dan-Informasi_Profil-Kesehatan-Indonesia-2017.pdf.

Widawati M, Prasetyowati H. Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Beta vulgaris L. ( Buah Bit ) Dengan Berbagai Fraksi Pelarut Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti. Aspirator J Penelit Penyakit Tular Vektor. 2013;5(1):23–9.

Al Kamal MR, Syafei NS, Nasution GTD. Perbandingan Efektifitas Antara Minyak Atsiri Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) dengan Temephos sebagai Larvasida Aedes aegypti. Pharm Sci Res. 2017;4(1):25–31.

Maryanti E, Marta R Della, Hamidy MY. Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC) Sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. J Ilmu Kedokt. 2011;5(2):118–24.

Noshirma M, Willa RW. Larvasida Hayati Yang Digunakan Dalam Upaya Pengendalian Vektor Penyakit Demam Berdarah Di Indonesia. SEL J Penelit Kesehat [Internet]. 2016;3(1):31–40. Available from: http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/sel/article/viewFile/6380/4814

Rohmaniyah KF. Penentuan Model Klasifikasi dan Kandungan Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Daun Juwet (Syzygium Cumini) di Madura, Jember, dan Malang Menggunakan Metode NIR dan Kemometrik [Internet]. Universitas Jember; 2017. Available from: https://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/82617

Minj N, Jude Al C, SRI N S. Larvicidal and Anti-feedant Activity of Phyllanthus emblica and Syzygium cumini extracts on the Diamondback Moth : Plutella xylostella Larvicidal and Anti-feedant Activity of Phyllanthus emblica and Syzygium cumini extracts on the Diamondback Moth : Plute. Int J Biol Res [Internet]. 2017;2(4):97–100. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321627671_Larvicidal_and_Anti-feedant_Activity_of_Phyllanthus_emblica_and_Syzygium_cumini_extracts_on_the_Diamondback_Moth_Plutella_xylostella

Sudarmi K, Darmayasa IBG, Muksin IK. Uji Fitokimia Dan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Juwet (Syzygium cumini) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli Dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. SIMBIOSIS J Biol Sci [Internet]. 2017;5(2):47–51. Available from: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/simbiosis/article/view/34817

Arifin H, Anggraini N, Handayani D, Rasyid R. Standarisasi ekstrak etanol Daun Eugenia cumini Merr. J Sains dan Teknol Farm [Internet]. 2006;11(2):88–93. Available from: http://repo.unand.ac.id/2697/1/Jurnal_07.pdf

Dheasabel G, Azinar M. Kemampuan Ekstrak Buah Pare terhadap Kematian Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. HIGEIA (Journal Public Heal Res Dev. 2018;2(2):331–41.

Dewatisari WF, Rumiyanti L, Rakhmawati I. Rendemen dan Skrining Fitokimia pada Ekstrak Daun Sanseviera sp. J Penelit Pertan Terap. 2018;17(3):197.

Bar A, Andrew J. Morphology and Morphometry of Aedes aegypti Larvae. Annu Rev Res Biol. 2013;3(1):1–21.

Dahlan MS. Uji One Way ANOVA (Uji Hipotesis Komperatif Numerik Lebih dari Dua Kelompok Tidak Berpasangan Berdistribusi Normal). In: Statistik Untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan: Deskriptif, Bivariat, dan Multivariat Dilengkapi Aplikasi Menggunakan SPSS. 2014.

World Health Organization. Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. World Heal Organ [Internet]. 2005;1–41. Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2005/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2005.13.pdf?ua=1

Sasmilati U, Pratiwi arum dian, Saktiawan LOA. Efektivitas Larutan Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum Linn) Sebagai Larvasida Terhadap Kematian Larva Aedes Aegypti Di Kota Kendari Tahun 2016. J Ilm Mhs Kesehat Masy Unsyiah [Internet]. 2017;2(6):1–7. Available from: http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/JIMKESMAS/article/view/2897/2160

Husnawati. Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kirinyuh (Eupatorium odoratum L) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Sebagai Pengayaan Praktikum Fisiologi Hewan. Universitas Mataram; 2018.

Tripathi I, Dwivedi N, Singh R. Phytochemical Studies On Syzygium Cumini : Ravindra Singh. Paripex - Indian J Res. 2017;6(6).

Riandi LV, Fahrimal Y, Prawitasari S, Hasibuan B. Potensi Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Sebagai Larvasida Alami. J Healthc Technol Med. 2019;5(2):179–84.

Rahayu SM, Satmoko FS. Daun Carica papaya sebagai Larvasida Aedes dari Kota Mataram. 2019;2(1):14–8.

Jemi R, Damanik RDE, Indrayanti L. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan. J Ilmu Kehutan. 2019;13(1):77–86.

Rindahayeni, Hayati I. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. J Ilm Farm. 2019;6(1):5–10.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Sekretariat SENSORIK :

Ruang Jurnal Lantai 2, Gedung Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fakultas Kedokteran, UPN Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia.

Copyright © some right reserved Seminar Nasional Riset Kedokteran (SENSORIK).

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License.