Kajian: Isolasi Sel Punca Mesenkim dari Wharton Jelly Tali Pusat Manusia

Ariyani Noviantari, Khariri Khariri

Abstract


Sel punca merupakan sel yang dapat memperbanyak diri (self-renewal), belum mempunyai bentuk dan fungsi yang spesifik, tetapi mampu berdiferensiasi menjadi sel lainnya. Sel punca mesenkim (SPM) dapat diisolasi dari berbagai sumber, yaitu dari jaringan lemak, sumsum tulang, Wharton Jelly, darah tali pusat, pulpa gigi, dan lain-lain. SPM dapat berdiferensiasi menjadi berbagai jenis sel tetapi terbatas hanya satu golongan sel saja dengan mengekspresikan beberapa penanda spesifik atau bersifat multipoten. Tulisan ini merupakan review literatur melalui penelusuran pustaka yang didapatkan dari internet tentang berbagai cara dalam isolasi dan kemampuan diferensiasi SPM dari WJ tali pusat manusia, serta aplikasi SPM dari WJ tali pusat manusia terhadap penyakit degeneratif.  SPM yang diisolasi dari WJ tali pusat manusia dapat diisolasi dengan metode eksplan, metode enzimatik, dan metode enzimatik-eksplan yang dapat mengekspresikan beberapa penanda spesifik. SPM dari WJ tali pusat manusia mampu berdiferensiasi menjadi osteoblas, kondrosit, dan adiposit. Oleh sebab itu, SPM berpotensi besar dalam terapi penyakit degeneratif.

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