ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DAN INFRASTRUKTUR PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH MEDIS TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN NASIONAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Total timbunan limbah padan masa pandemi COVID-19 mengalami peningkatan signifikan akibat jumlah limbah medis (limbah infeksius) yang bertambah secara drastis dan kondisi ini berpotensi mengancam kualitas kesehatan lingkungan. Selain peran pemerintah dalam pembangunan infrastruktur pengolahan limbah medis yang belum optimal, peran tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia juga belum dioptimalkan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat sehingga berdampak terhadap kurangnya kualitas kesehatan lingkungan nasional saat ini.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis variabel ketersediaan tenaga kesehatan dan infrastruktur pengolahan limbah medis yang mempengaruhi pembangunan kesehatan lingkungan di Indonesia. Data penelitian ini diambil untuk periode tahun 2020 ketika total limbah di Indonesia meningkat secara signifikan dari tahun sebelumnya akibat peningkatan jumlah limbah medis dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 34 Provinsi di Indonesia. Data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu, data tentang kualitas kesehatan lingkungan dan rasio ketersediaan tenaga kesehatan (Kemenkes), serta dari data tentang indeks pengolahan limbah medis (Kemen LHK). Model analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan uji F, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel ketersedian tenaga kesehatan dan infrastruktur pengolahan limbah medis secara simultan berpengaruh positif terhadap pembangunan kesehatan lingkungan, namun hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa kedua variabel belum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan kesehatan lingkungan. Dari model regresi, variabel ketersediaan tenaga kesehatan mempunyai koefisien terbesar dan masih menjadi indikator yang lebih dominan dibandingkan ketersediaan infrastruktur pengolahan limbah medis.

Kata Kunci: Limbah, Tenaga Kesehatan, Infrastruktur, Lingkungan

ABSTRACT

Total waste stockpiles during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a significant increase due to the drastic increase in the amount of medical waste (infectious waste) and this condition has the potential to threaten the quality of environmental health. In addition to the government's role in the development of medical waste treatment infrastructure that has not been optimal, the role of health workers in Indonesia has not been optimized to empower the community so that it has an impact on the current lack of quality of national environmental health.

This study aims to analyze the variables of the availability of health workers and medical waste treatment infrastructure that affect the development of environmental health in Indonesia. This research data was taken for the period 2020 when the total waste in Indonesia increased significantly from the previous year due to an increase in the amount of medical waste with a sample of 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data in this study are secondary data, namely, data on the quality of environmental health and the ratio of the availability of health workers (Kemenkes), as well as from data on the medical waste treatment index (Kemen LHK). The analytical model used in this study is multiple linear regression. The sampling technique used the purposive sampling method. Based on the F test, it can be concluded that the variable availability of health personnel and medical waste treatment infrastructure simultaneously has a positive effect on the development of environmental health, but the results of the t-test indicate that the two variables have not had a significant effect on the development of environmental health. From the regression model, the variable availability of health workers has the largest coefficient and is still a more dominant indicator than the availability of medical waste treatment infrastructure.

Keyword: Waste, Health Workers, Infrastructure, Environment